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Our existence is beyond numbers on a scale

The year is 2035. You log into your social media account. The first thing you see is someone sharing an account of their journey as a model over the years. It fills you with joy to see something so positive. But then, you see some troll-like account shaming this person for how they look below their photograph. That disgusts you. You log off of social media before you can hit ‘send’ on that scathing reply you spent 15 minutes typing. Not today, you decide.  Later that day, you are reminded of that random comment. You found the person who posted their photo beautiful and empowering. The person that commented below the same picture didn’t. They chose to sit behind the curtain of anonymity that the internet provided and called someone ‘wrinkly and ugly.’ That doesn’t sit right with you. You think - ‘that person’s concept of beauty must be something else entirely.’ Hmm, is it really that, though? ‘Oh! Or that maybe, they’re just a very rude and sad person hating others online.’ There. T...
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Bruised and battered, all for love

*Note: Spoilers ahead* This is the cumulative experience of Shuggie from the 2020 Booker Prize-winning novel Shuggie Bain . Through this, I would like to highlight how life had been unfair for the boy, who lived through loss and anxiety all through his childhood in hopes of some escape from the desolation he had experienced.  Alone without a father and his two siblings, Shuggie takes on the role of a caretaker, ensuring his mother doesn’t drink herself into an early grave. In his loneliness and misery, the only thing that remains untainted is the almost blinding devotion and love he has towards his mother -- the same disruptive alcoholic who, in her clouded, drunken haze, is unable to see anyone but herself as having some value.  Her desperate, humiliating practices leave her incapable to raise her children, two of whom remove themselves from the situation as early as possible. Shuggie stays behind to care for his mother because he loves her -- for her matted mink coat and her...

'The Chamber' is sure to leave you stunned

Unputdownable from start to finish is the best way to describe The Chamber , a legal thriller written by John Grisham and published in 1994 by Doubleday. It covers the story of one Sam Cayhall, a Klansman in the mid-1900s, who is arrested for blowing up the office of Jewish lawyer Marvin Kramer, resulting in the death of Josh and John Kramer -- his two sons -- and injuring Kramer himself. After fourteen years and two mistrials, the jury convicts Sam and sentences him to death by lethal gas . He is sent to languish in the Mississippi State Penitentiary silently awaiting the day he has to go. Enter Adam Hall, a bright young lawyer from the top Chicago law firm Kravitz & Bane. The novel then revolves around Adam’s efforts to save Sam from sure death by the State, successfully bringing forth in the minds of readers important questions about the cruelty of the methods used to kill convicted criminals and the practice of state-sanctioned killing itself.   Writing crime fiction a...

The effect of antipsychotics on the brain

Studies show that brain tissue shrinkage due to prolonged antipsychotic drug use might be a cause for concern.  The practical questions that every drug introduced into the market bring to mind are primarily centred around safety and effectiveness - “How effective is this drug in treating/reducing symptoms of a disorder?” “How safe is this drug for usage?” and “How are the negative side effects? Are they outweighed by the positives?” Even antipsychotics, owing to the nature of their usage and dosages, have been questioned along these lines time and again, and as effective as they are in treating and reducing symptoms of psychosis and other mental disorders, lesser-known facts about their impact on the brain - both structurally and functionally - can leave patients doubtful while considering their prolonged continual use in considerable doses.  In disorders like schizophrenia, research has shown that reduction in grey matter and brain volume are seen amongst patients before the ...

Can we afford total freedom of expression in India?

The short, simple answer is no. A longer answer is, however, complex to understand.  India is a diverse country, with hundreds of languages spoken and cultural groups all living within the same national border. We are governed by a government at the centre that makes and executes laws for a population of 1.3 billion people spread across the nation. It is, therefore, the government’s responsibility to ensure that peace is maintained among these diverse groups of people and that there is no outbreak of violence because of a comment or an act that can disrupt peace. While the Constitution of India recognises freedom of speech and expression as a Fundamental Right and guarantees to all its citizens the right to express themselves freely via written, spoken or printed material, we don’t have to go too far to realise that this right is not absolute.  A major socio-political challenge we face today is the intermingling of religion and politics.   These two have taken preced...

What do we know about Gender and Dysphoria?

‘Gender dysphoria’ refers to the distress experienced by an individual when there is a mismatch between their gender identity and their sex assigned at birth. One is assigned their sex based on anatomy. For most people, their gender identity corresponds with their assigned sex and such individuals grow without experiencing the distress of “feeling out of place in one’s own body.” For some, however, the difference between their gender identity and assigned sex causes extreme confusion and turmoil. Typically occurring in (but not all) transgender and gender-nonconforming individuals, this can lead to them undergoing sex reassignment surgeries, hormone replacement therapy, as well as psychotherapy to cope with the distress.   Previously termed "gender identity disorder," gender dysphoria is defined as a “marked incongruence between their experienced or expressed gender and the one they were assigned at birth,” according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder...

Understanding spectator violence among English football fans

Jane Austen was undoubtedly right when she wrote in one of her most-loved books Pride and Prejudice : “Angry people are not always wise.” Anger and the set of emotions and behaviours that accompany it, cause it or occur as a result of it, are not usually explainable with rationality. While they’re certainly not excusable, they do provide insight into human behaviour and help us answer the big questions of why and how we behave the way we do .  In July, English football fans made headlines in news reports worldwide for their hooliganism and other acts of violence after the English national team lost the final match against Italy in the Euro Cup 2020. Their aggression was well-documented across news channels and social media but since it is not particularly ‘news’, these behaviours have also been the subject of many social and behavioural psychologists’ curiosity and research for many years prior. All of these acts collectively have a term of their own - Soccer hooliganism.  Eng...